Thursday, 21 December 2017

Gripen C / D MS20 vs F-16 C / D Barak: Technological superiority, considerably simpler and cheaper exploitation


Posted Defender - November 18, 2017

There is no doubt that the Republic of Croatia is never closer to acquiring the multi-purpose combat squadron squadron since its independence. After the supply of combat aircraft suppliers arrived, the choice of the old F-16 or the new Gripen C / D was chosen. Namely, the Swedish SAAB offers a new Gripen C / D with the latest MS20 package currently available only by the Swedish Air Force. Greece and Israel offer F-16C / D that would be over 30 years old at the time of delivery.

Finally, the US has offered a new F-16 Block 70 that is priced for the Republic of Croatia "science fiction" and around this offer is hardly 1.5 bucks. The Commission did not waste too much time. Namely, the US as a partner and ally kindly and diplomatically responded to the bid submitted by Zagreb, knowing in advance that Zagreb can not seriously consider this offer primarily for financial reasons.

So, old F-16 or new Gripen. The Greeks gave the "cheapest" offer for the F-16 Block 30, which is understandable. Namely, such an airplane can satisfy the HRZ and HZO requirements over the next 25-30 years with great additional costs, upgrades, modernization and extension of resources, ie, the FALCON UP / STAR program that costs about USD 300-360 million for the 12 aircraft racing .

Israel offers F-16 C / D Barak. By reaching the full operational capability that is planned to reach in 2024, it would approximately be 35 years old. In order to meet the 25- to 30-year HRZ and PZO requirements, it will also have to undergo a structural upgrade through the Lockheed Martin's Service Life Extension Program (SLEP), which ensures life expectancy by 2048. It will be interesting to see how the evaluation team MORH estimates Lifecycle F-16 to 2050, since no one yet knows how much SLEP will cost in the end.

The fact is that the highest officials of the Ministry of Defense are very irresponsible to point out that the transfer of Croatian fighter pilots to the four generations of aircraft was a sort of problem. The Czech example speaks the opposite.

In any case, it is good that the bids are finally received so that the members of the Commission and all involved in the selection process can see the real state of affairs, or how much will it cost by 2050. Only for the uninitiated will be a great surprise for all when cost estimation it comes to the knowledge that the old F-16 offered will be priced in 2050 at the same cost as the new Gripen C / D due to high operational costs, and the necessary modifications, upgrades and lifetime extension costs. A special story is the sustainability of such a fleet and its operational availability with aircrafts aged 30 and over. Of course, such a cost display does not match the current top of the MoD, which at all costs wants to assign a job to the Israelis, so it only raises the story of the current offer that includes the price of aircraft, training and maintenance.

Sl.2 Gripen's opponents completely unsubstantiated claim that the C / D version has no future what are the complete nonsense that denied the MS20 and the above table of development

Therefore, when evaluating a bid, it does not even evaluate the point offer of a new / old aircraft which is very important. The reason is clear, that the relationship between the new / old aircraft would have been touched would lead to an unacceptable position in the Israeli bid. According to such criteria without a transparent analysis of the cost of using combat aircraft by 2050, it is not entirely clear what this role in the competition should have new aircraft other than screenwriting for a previously-made decision. Well, the difference in the price of new and combat aircraft of the age of 30 can be nothing more than big, and amount to up to 3 billion kunas. If the bids are viewed in such a trivial way, then the competition should not have been. However, if the final court judgment is reached and the line is drawn after calculating the costs by 2050, including infrastructure costs, then the story will get a completely different course.


Today's bid for the 12 Gripen C / D aircraft and the simulator is almost the same as for the eight aircraft of 2012, only now compared to the current offer, increased maintenance costs and pilot training for four more aircraft for 10 years. With 140 maintenance and training packages for 8 aircraft to over EUR 200 million for 12 aircraft. There is one important difference, now Gripen C / D comes with a more advanced MS20 software version in terms of the previously offered MS19. Just because of this fact, Gripen is technologically and technically superior to the F-16 Barak, which, of course, remains the only advantage of carrying capacity and performance, which does not have any extra importance for the size of the country.


More precisely, the offer for 12 new fighter aircraft Gripen C / D ranges between 800 and 900 million euros. Annuals will make the new Gripen C / D cost of the Republic of Croatia around 600-650 million kunas. When mentioning the MS20 version it should be emphasized that it is the latest software that allows the integration of Gripen with the Meteor Rocket Meteor BVR, a tactical missile of strategic importance unmatched by all the well-known BVR rack market on the market, over 150km, and three times larger "no escape" of any other BVR missile, and it is certainly such a means of deterrence. That's what the F-16 Israel offered to the Republic of Croatia does not own.


In Sweden, aircraft with this MS20 upgrade are already being used, the Czech Republic will upgrade its Gripen fleet with MS20 by the end of 2018, while Hungary has also signed an upgrade agreement. However, Meteor is just one part of what MS20 brings to Croatia. With this Gripen radar capability package far outstrip those of the Israeli F-16 that are offered to Croatia. Namely, the "radar ranger scale" has been increased to 300 km on the Gripen and a target of 0.4 m2 compared to MS 19 could be detected when it was capable of detecting targets of 4m2. Also, this software suite has significantly improved air-ground capabilities.


This includes the integration of the Boeing GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomper for high precision attacks. Furthermore, Gripen's ISTAR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance) capabilities have been extensively expanded with MS20 through a submersible scaffolding container that provides real-time IC sensor sensors in the cockpit.

The improved Link 16 data system supports a significant increase in data exchange between other fighter aircraft and C2 hubs. This raises awareness of the situation and supports new air-ground options, including high-precision "digital" CASs (close air support). Front monitors using a fighter-related device send the information directly to the cockpit pilot for shooting targets. Pilot does not waste time writing and writing, everything gets faster and goals are neutralized faster.

In addition to the technological and "capability" of superiority that is quite apparent in relation to the 30 year old F-16 Barak, it is indisputable that Gripen is much easier and easier to maintain and exploit. Namely, the "turn rate" is 10 minutes, ie from the time the aircraft landed, system check, refueling and "air to air" arming with the need for engagement of a technician and five mechanics.


Also, it should be said that engine replacement lasts only one hour. What is certainly better than Gripen is its operational availability compared to the F-16. Namely, the MTBF, ie the time for a Gripen failure, is 7.6 hours, while for example F-16 Block 52 is 4.2 hours. Furthermore, the MTTR (time to repair) at Gripen is 2.5 hours at average, while at F-16 Block 50 approximately 4.2 hours. Specifically, for a period of 48 hours, Gripen's availability will be 38 hours, and 10 hours will go to repairs. At F-16 for the same 48-hour period, 24.6 hours will be available. Why is that so? Very simply, the F-16 concept of multi-purpose combat aircraft originated 20 years before the appearance of Gripen. Situation at F-16 Barak is even worse due to his age.

With the F-16 used in the fourth decade of life, this is even more special because the operational availability will be even smaller as time goes by. It's not just about availability because the Israeli Baraka's operating costs are twice as high as the new Gripen. These are the facts whoever thought about them.


The Israelis are talking about several thousand hours of remaining resources. By what specifications, IAI or Lockheed Martin? Speaking of the resources declared by Lockheed Martin but such resources relate to very clear criteria and conditions of use of aircraft. This certainly does not refer to the way the Israelis used these aircraft in war, climatic and other extreme conditions. How can it be possible to claim that the remaining resources are credible and correspond to those declared by the manufacturer?

In addition to the devastation of HRZ and PZO in the technical and personnel sense of the last 15 years, the logistic nightmare of uncertainty of purchasing parts, failures and the like, should simply not be allowed. Is this affordable solution for the next 30 years for Croatia as requested by Minister Krstičević just because of the price offered by Israel's dampinška? If they thought in the MORH that the Gripen C / D MS20, or the most modern one-time multi-purpose combat aircraft of today's operational use (not counting the tested aircraft), could get below a cost of less than EUR 50 million then they missed their interest and expectations missed.


The Swedes have emphasized that they will deliver the first two Gripen 2020 just before the anniversary of the Storm. They also state that the ability of air policing will be feasible by the end of 2021 and full operational capability of 2024.

The questionable and political part of this story remains a strategic partnership. The Republic of Croatia is a member of the EU and NATO alliances. We assume that this means that it is strategically linked to members of these organizations whether it is defense and security, foreign policy, and so on. Israel is not a member of either of these organizations, and in the long run it will not be. Furthermore, it is no secret that Israel is in tense relations with the EU on the Palestinian issue and the construction of settlements on the west coast.

For some time, Israel has been pushing through the countries of Central and Eastern Europe to soften the EU's views and get as many allies as possible within the Union to get at least a tacit approval for their actions. This was very clear in Budapest several months ago by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Furthermore, the EU is very clear about Iran and establishing closer co-operation, particularly in the economic sphere, and is clearly opposed to the US standpoints in which the US questions the nuclear agreement with Iran. It is well known that Israel supports American policy in the Middle East.


Looking at relations in the region or Israeli foreign policy in this area, there is no doubt that it is primarily focused on good relations with the Republic of Serbia and the Serbian entity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It should be recalled that Israel strongly condemned the NATO attack on Milosevic's regime and the army in Kosovo, and it should also be said that Israel does not recognize Kosovo as an independent state. During a recent visit to the official Zagreb, Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Liberman has found time in the middle of Zagreb to receive the head of the Serb entity in BiH and Balkan politician pro-Milorad Dodik's biggest advocate. Liberman and Dodik have been very close for many years, and Liberman is the largest lobbyist in the world.

So, the Republika Srpska, the same "kitchen" from which, for years, it takes an information war against the current Minister of Defense of the Republic of Croatia Damir Krsticevic and his warriors. Liberman signed a Memorandum on Defense Cooperation and Military Industry in July with Serbian Defense Minister Aleksandar Vulin. The Serbian Army uses communications equipment, unmanned aerial vehicles, and Israeli control tools. On the other hand, Israel is interested in supplying weapons information from the Balkan Arab countries to the Middle East, primarily to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.


Croatia does not have any great experiences with Israeli defense industry. The unreliable Skylark I aircraft manufactured by the Israeli company Elbit has been in operational use in the Armed Forces since 2007. Thanks to the efforts and knowledge of OSRH employees, its lifespan is prolonged and is still used in units. The Israeli company ELBIT has left OSRH without the possibility of purchasing spare parts because they do not produce them for Skylark I systems, and only thanks to Croatian experts who independently maintain their use for the needs of the Armed Forces. So much about Israeli support.

As far as economy is concerned, Swedish companies in the Republic of Croatia have about EUR 500 million of turnover annually and employ around 6,000 employees. The total "Swedish" investments in the Croatian economy from 1993 to present amount to 700 million EUR. The total commodity exchange between Israel and Croatia in 2016 amounted to EUR 66.6 million, while the exchange with Sweden amounted to EUR 255.7 million, ie four times more. Ericsson, the world's technological divider and owner of the most successful Croatian IT company Ericsson Nikola Tesla, employs 3000 people, mostly young professionals.

There is no doubt that strengthening bilateral relations between Israel and the Republic of Croatia, primarily in the area of ​​security and defense, is a step in the right direction. Israeli companies have already contracted the job of equipping Croatian armored vehicles Patria CRO with 30mm remote controlled armaments, and are also likely to receive supplies of unmanned middle-range systems to the Republic of Croatia. Cooperation is already in place with the fight against fire and cooperation activities are initiated in response to crisis and disaster. Enhanced defense cooperation on the military-technical area as well as exchange of experience in the field of training, demining, various forms of education and training, cybernetic abilities. And that's all.

Therefore, without going into any deeper analysis, it really raises a reasonable question as to whether it is a strategic defense, political and other interest of the Republic of Croatia to connect with Israel on the basis of eventual procurement of combat aircraft over the age of 30. It fulfilled its strategic goals by joining the EU and NATO.

Translated by Google - Original post: defender.hr

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F-16C/D: Details

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