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The Air Force is now conducting operational tests of new software and weapons technology for the F-22 designed to help modernize the stealth fighter and expand the range
The Air Force is now conducting operational tests of new
software and weapons technology for the F-22 designed to help modernize the
stealth fighter and expand the range of weapons it is able to fire in combat,
service and industry officials said.
Air Force officials have told Scout Warrior that, by
2019, the service will begin upgrading F-22 functionality for the AIM-120D and
AIM-9X Air-to-Air missiles as well as enhanced Air-to-Surface target location
capabilities. The F-22 currently carries the AIM-9X Block 1 and the current
upgrade will enable carriage of AIM-9X Block 2.
Current operational testing of the F-22 is focused upon a
3.2B software upgrade for the fighter, allowing it to quickly integrate weapons
upgrades, a story in Aviation Week stated.
Raytheon AIM-9X weapons developers explain that the Block
2 variant adds a redesigned fuze and a digital ignition safety device that
enhances ground handling and in-flight safety. Block II also features updated
electronics that enable significant enhancements, including
lock-on-after-launch capability using a new weapon datalink to support beyond
visual range engagements, a Raytheon statement said.
Another part of the weapons upgrade includes engineering
the F-22 to fire the AIM-120D, a beyond visual range Advanced Medium-Range
Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM), designed for all weather day-and-night attacks; it
is a "fire and forget" missile with active transmit radar guidance,
Raytheon data states. The AIM-120D is built with upgrades to previous AMRAAM
missiles by increasing attack range, GPS navigation, inertial measurment units
and a two-way data link, Raytheon statements explain.
The most recent contract award was to Raytheon Missile
Systems as the prime contractor in Sep 2017, for software upgrades that will
continue to improve the performance of the AIM-120D in an electronic attack
environment, Capt. Emily Grabowski, Air Force Spokeswoman, told Scout Warrior
in a statement.
"The AMRAAM program continues to increase capability
through planned software upgrades to ensure the family of missiles remains
viable against ever-evolving threats,"
Grabowski added. "As the most recent AMRAAM missile for the Air Force,
the AIM-120D, was operationally fielded in 2015, as a small, light, fast
missile with improved capabilities against very low and high-altitude targets
in an electronic attack environment."
As the Air Force and Lockheed Martin move forward with
weapons envelope expansions and enhancements for the F-22, there is of course a
commensurate need to upgrade software and its on-board sensors to adjust to
emerging future threats, industry developers explained. Ultimately, this effort
will lead the Air Force to draft up requirements for new F-22 sensors.
An essential software adjustment is now being worked on
by Lockheed Martin engineers on contract with the Air Force. Work on the
software is slated to be finished by 2020, developers added.
A hardware portion
of the upgrades, called a “tactical mandate,” involves engineering new antennas
specifically designed to preserve the stealth configuration of the F-22.
New antennas have
to be first constructed and retrofitted onto the airplane. Because of the
stealth configuration putting, antennas on is difficult and time
consuming," Lockheed officials said.
The Air Force is in the early phases of designing new
sensors for its stealthy 5th-generation F-22 Raptor as it proceeds with
software upgrades, hardware adjustments, new antennas and data link
improvements designed to better enable to connect the F-22 and F-35 sensor
packages to one another, industry and Air Force officials said.
Sensor interoperability, two-way data links and other
kinds of technical integration between the two 5th-Gen stealth aircraft are
considered key to an Air Force combat strategy which intends for the F-22 speed
and air-to-air combat supremacy to complement and work in tandem with the
F-35's next-gen sensors, precision-attack technology, computers and multi-role
fighting mission ability.
While the F-35 is engineered with dog-fighting abilities,
its advanced sensor technology is intended to recognize enemy threats at much
further distances - enabling earlier, longer-range attacks to destroy enemies
in the air. Such technologies, which include 360-degree sensors known as
Northrop Grumman's Distributed Aperture System and a long range Electro-Optical
Targeting System, are designed to give the F-35 an ability to destroy targets
at much longer ranges - therefore precluding the need to dogfight.
Like the F-35, the latest F-22s have radar (Synthetic
Aperture Radar) and data-links (F-22 has LINK 16), radar warning receivers and
targeting technologies. Being that the F-22 is regarded as the world's best
air-to-air platform, an ability for an F-35 and F-22 to more quickly exchange
sensor information such as targeting data would produce a potentially unprecedented
battlefield advantage, industry developers and Air Force senior leaders have
explained. The combined impact of each of the airplanes respective
technological advantages makes for an unrivaled air-combat supremacy, observers
have argued.
For example, either of the aircraft could use stealth
technology to penetrate enemy airspace and destroy air defense systems. Once a
safe air corridor is established for further attacks, an F-22 could maintain or
ensure continued air supremacy while an F-35 conducted close-air-support ground
attacks or pursued ISR missions with its drone-like video-surveillance
technology. Additionally, either platform could identify targets for the other,
drawing upon the strengths of each.
Conversely, an F-35 could use its long-range sensors and
"sensor fusion" to identify airborne targets which the F-22 may be
best suited to attack.
Air Force developers are, quite naturally, acutely aware
of the Chinese J-20 stealth fighter and Russia's PAK-FA T-50 stealth aircraft
as evidence that the US will need to work vigorously to sustain its
technological edge.
Along these lines, both the F-22 and F-35 are engineered
to draw from "mission data files," described as on-board libraries
storing information on known threats in particular geographical locations. This
database is integrated into a radar warning receiver so that aircraft have the
earliest possible indication of the threats they are seeing.
Meanwhile, the Air Force is performing key maintenance on
the F-22 Raptor's stealth materials while upgrading the stealth fighter with
new attack weapons to include improved air-to-air and air-to-surface strike
technology, service officials said.
The AIM-120D also includes improved High-Angle
Off-Boresight technology enabling the weapon to destroy targets at a wider
range of angles.
Additional upgrades to the stealth fighter, slated for
2021, are designed to better enable digital communications via data links with
4th and 5th generation airplanes.
--- To Read Previous Scout Warrior Coverage
of F-22 Upgrades and Pilot Interviews - CLICK HERE –
Stealth Coating Maintenance
The Air Force has contracted Lockheed Martin to perform
essential maintenance to the F-22's low-observable stealth coating to ensure it
is equipped to manage fast-emerging threats.
Lockheed Martin completed the first F-22 Raptor at the
company’s Inlet Coating Repair (ICR) Speedline, a company statement said.
"Periodic maintenance is required to maintain the
special exterior coatings that contribute to the 5th Generation Raptor’s Very
Low Observable radar cross-section," Lockheed stated.
The increase in F-22 deployments, including ongoing
operational combat missions, has increased the demand for ICR. Additionally,
Lockheed Martin is providing modification support services, analytical
condition inspections, radar cross section turntable support and antenna
calibration.
F-22 Attack & Supercruise Technology
At the moment, targeting information from drones is
relayed from the ground station back up to an F-22. However, computer algorithms and technology
is fast evolving such that aircraft like an F-22s will soon be able to quickly
view drone video feeds in the cockpit without needing a ground station -- and
eventually be able to control nearby drones from the air. These developments
were highlighted in a special previous Scout Warrior interview with Air Force
Chief Scientist Greg Zacharias.
Zacharias explained that fifth generation fighters such
as the F-35 and F-22 are quickly approaching an ability to command-and-control
nearby drones from the air. This would allow unmanned systems to deliver
payload, test enemy air defenses and potentially extend the reach of ISR
missions.
Newer F-22s have a technology called Synthetic Aperture
Radar, or SAR, which uses electromagnetic signals or “pings” to deliver a
picture or rendering of the terrain below, allow for better target
identification.
The SAR technology sends a ping to the ground and then
analyzes the return signal to calculate the contours, distance and
characteristics of the ground below.
The F-22 is known for a range of technologies including
an ability called “super cruise” which enables the fighter to reach speeds of
Mach 1.5 without needing to turn on its after burners.
The fighter jet fires a 20mm cannon and has the ability
to carry and fire all the air-to-air and air-to-ground weapons including precision-guided
ground bombs, such Joint Direct Attack Munitions called the GBU 32 and GBU 39,
service weapons developers explained. In the air-to-air configuration the
Raptor carries six AIM-120 AMRAAMs and two AIM-9 Sidewinders.
It also uses what’s called a radar-warning receiver – a
technology which uses an updateable data base called “mission data files” to
recognize a wide-range of enemy fighters, officials said.
Made by Lockheed Martin and Boeing, the F-22 uses two
Pratt & Whitney F119-PW-100 turbofan engines with afterburners and
two-dimensional thrust vectoring nozzles, an Air Force statement said. It is 16-feet tall, 62-feet long and weighs
43,340 pounds. Its maximum take-off weight is 83,500.
The aircraft was first introduced in December of 2005,
and each plane costs $143 million, Air Force statements say.
The Air Force’s stealthy F-22 Raptor fighter jet
delivered some of the first strikes in the U.S.-led attacks on the Islamic
State in Iraq and Syria, when aerial bombing began in 2014, service officials
told Scout Warrior.
After delivering some of the first strikes in the U.S.
Coalition-led military action against ISIS, the F-22 began to shift its focus
from an air-dominance mission to one more focused on supporting attacks on the
ground.
Even though ISIS does not have sophisticated air defenses
or fighter jets of their own to challenge the F-22, there are still impactful
ways in which the F-22 continues to greatly help the ongoing attacks, service
officials explained.
Kris Osborn can be reached at Krisosborn.ko@gmail.com
To Ask Military Expert KRIS OSBORN Questions, VISIT THE
WARRIOR FORUMS.
Some background portions of this report appeared in a
previous Scout Warrior article
Original post: scout.com
Related articles:
F-22 Raptor: Details
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